Basic Concepts of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is one of the models used by psychotherapist to improve the life of a client. The therapy emphasis is on our thinking, feelings and how we act as result of those thoughts

Most mental health therapies suggest a client's psychological symptoms emanate from the client's family of origin. It is presumed that the client learnt to do things the way they do from their family of origin and if they are not properly differentiated they will have clinical symptoms. CBT on the other hand suggest that people get psychological problems because of self induced rigid “musts” commands about the events in their lives.

This kind of thinking creates perfectionist tendencies where “must” and “should” are highlighted creating un attainable goals. Often this system of thinking leads to a low tolerance for frustrations, self pity, and anxiety. CBT therapy aims at helping the client think and look at how their irrational and distorted thoughts are maladaptive to achieving personal success.

The emphasis is on the therapeutic, collaborative, and Socratic dialogue which helps the client see how their feelings and behavior is affecting their quality of life. By collaboration, the therapist seeks to learn what the client’s goals in life are and then helps the client achieve the goals. By using Socratic methods the therapist gains a good understanding of the client and client’s problems by asking questions. The therapist also teaches the client to ask themselves questions.

The therapist carries out an assessment on the client to determine the areas of distortions and consequently dysfunctions that is leading to clinical symptoms. The most common found distortions in individuals and families are in the following areas:

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